Working with text टेक्स्ट के साथ काम

1. Clean up messy text

People type messy things: extra spaces, wrong capitals. Strings have methods to clean them. Each one gives you a new string (the old one is unchanged):

• " asha ".strip() → "asha" (spaces removed at both ends)
• "asha".upper() → "ASHA", "ASHA".lower() → "asha"
• "asha verma".title() → "Asha Verma"
• "chai".replace("i", "y") → "chay"
• "banana".count("a") → 3
• len("asha") → 4

You can chain them: raw.strip().title().

                raw = "   rAHUL dravid  "
name = raw.strip().title()
print(name)
print(name.upper())
print(name.lower().count("a"))
              

Challenge: Clean the name

Read a messy name. Make name the clean version with .strip().title(). Then print three lines. For aSHA verma they are:

• Name: Asha Verma
• Shout: ASHA VERMA
• Letters a: 3 (count the letter a in the lowercase name)

2. split, join and isdigit

split cuts a string into a list of pieces:

• "food,120".split(",") → ["food", "120"]
• "chai samosa vada".split() → split on spaces

join does the opposite: "-".join(["a", "b"]) → "a-b".

isdigit() is True only when every character is a digit: "98765".isdigit() is True, "98a65".isdigit() is False. Great for checking input before you call int() on it.

Strings can be sliced like lists: num[:5] is the first five characters.

                words = "chai samosa vada".split()
print(words)
print(" + ".join(words))
print("98765".isdigit(), "98a65".isdigit())
              

Challenge: Mobile number checker

Read a mobile number. Remove the spaces with .replace(" ", "") and store it in num. If num has exactly 10 characters and num.isdigit(), print it as Valid: 98765-43210 (first 5, a dash, last 5). Otherwise print Invalid number.