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ABHYAS PREP: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (UPSC AND MPSC) · SPACE

ISRO missions

From Aryabhata in 1975 to Chandrayaan-3 and Aditya-L1 in 2023.

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Worked examples

Example 1 · level 1

Which ISRO mission was India’s first experimental communication satellite, launched in 1981?

  1. Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan)
  2. Chandrayaan-3
  3. APPLE
  4. Bhaskara-I
Show solution
  1. APPLE: India’s first experimental communication satellite, launched in 1981.
  2. Bhaskara-I: India’s first experimental Earth-observation satellite, launched in 1979.
  3. Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan): India’s first mission to Mars, launched in 2013, which reached Mars orbit at the first attempt in 2014.
  4. Chandrayaan-3: the mission that soft-landed near the Moon’s south pole on 23 August 2023 (23 August is now National Space Day).
  5. Source: https://www.isro.gov.in/

Answer: APPLE

Example 2 · level 2

Which of these describes ISRO’s Chandrayaan-2?

  1. the mission that soft-landed near the Moon’s south pole on 23 August 2023
  2. the 2017 launch that put 104 satellites into orbit in one go
  3. the 2019 Moon mission whose orbiter reached the Moon but whose Vikram lander could not soft-land
  4. India’s first space observatory to study the universe in many wavelengths, launched in 2015
Show solution
  1. Chandrayaan-2: the 2019 Moon mission whose orbiter reached the Moon but whose Vikram lander could not soft-land.
  2. PSLV-C37: the 2017 launch that put 104 satellites into orbit in one go.
  3. Chandrayaan-3: the mission that soft-landed near the Moon’s south pole on 23 August 2023 (23 August is now National Space Day).
  4. Astrosat: India’s first space observatory to study the universe in many wavelengths, launched in 2015.
  5. Source: https://www.isro.gov.in/

Answer: the 2019 Moon mission whose orbiter reached the Moon but whose Vikram lander could not soft-land

Example 3 · level 3

Consider the following pairs (Mission : What it did): 1. NavIC (IRNSS) : India’s own regional satellite navigation system 2. Chandrayaan-1 : India’s first mission to the Moon, launched in 2008, which helped find water molecules there 3. IRS-1A : India’s first mission to the Moon, launched in 2008, which helped find water molecules there How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

  1. Only one pair
  2. Only two pairs
  3. All three pairs
  4. None of the pairs
Show solution
  1. Pair 1 is correct: NavIC (IRNSS): India’s own regional satellite navigation system.
  2. Pair 2 is correct: Chandrayaan-1: India’s first mission to the Moon, launched in 2008, which helped find water molecules there.
  3. Pair 3 is wrong: IRS-1A is not India’s first mission to the Moon, launched in 2008, which helped find water molecules there. IRS-1A: India’s first operational remote-sensing satellite, launched in 1988.
  4. So 2 of the 3 pairs are correctly matched.
  5. Source: https://www.isro.gov.in/

Answer: Only two pairs

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