Maharashtra Civil Services Gazetted Combined Preliminary Examination 2025, Paper 2 (CSAT)
Series A. Questions and answers from the official MPSC paper and answer key:सीरीज़ A। प्रश्न और उत्तर आधिकारिक MPSC पेपर और उत्तर-कुंजी से: question paperप्रश्न-पत्र, answer keyउत्तर-कुंजी.
Questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 are based on reading passages taken from published works, so they are not reproduced here; you can solve them on the official paper.प्रश्न 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 प्रकाशित रचनाओं से लिए गए परिच्छेदों पर आधारित हैं, इसलिए वे यहाँ नहीं दिए गए हैं; उन्हें आधिकारिक पेपर पर हल कीजिए।
Take this paper as a test: answer as many as you like, then see your score with real MPSC marking and which subjects cost you marks. Your answers stay on this device.
All questions with answersउत्तरों के साथ सभी प्रश्न
For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) below, choose the correct alternative. Assertion (A) : Eskimos reside in igloos. Reason (R) : No other material except snow is available.
- Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (A) is true but (R) is false.
- (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Eskimos (Inuit) are known for building igloos, so A is accepted as true. R is false: igloos are built mainly because compacted snow insulates well and is quick to use as temporary shelter, and Arctic people also use other materials such as animal skins, bone, stone and driftwood. So (A) is true but (R) is false, option (3).
A bag contains 4 white, 3 red and 6 blue balls. Three balls are drawn at random from the bag. The probability that all of them are red is ______.
- 1/22
- 3/22
- 2/91
- 2/77
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) 2/91
As printed (13 balls, 3 red): P = C(3,3)/C(13,3) = 1/286, which is not among the options. The keyed answer 2/91 is what you get with 5 red balls (4 + 5 + 6 = 15 balls): C(5,3)/C(15,3) = 10/455 = 2/91. So the number of red balls seems to be misprinted. The official MPSC key gives option (3), 2/91.
In the following question, two statements and two conclusions are given. Assume that the given statements are true, even if they are inconsistent with reality. Determine which of the given conclusion/conclusions can be inferred from it ? Statements : I. All papers are pens. II. All tables are pens. Conclusions : I. Some tables are paper. II. No table is paper.
- Only conclusion I true
- Only conclusion II true
- Both conclusions I and II true
- Both conclusions I and II false
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Both conclusions I and II false
Papers and tables both lie inside 'pens', but nothing links papers and tables to each other. They may overlap or may not, so neither 'Some tables are paper' nor 'No table is paper' follows definitely. Only one of the two must hold (an either-or pair), but the options do not offer that, so neither conclusion follows, option (4).
T is brother of P, R is daughter of P, M is sister of T, V is the brother of R, then who is the uncle of V ?
- M
- P
- T
- M or T
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) T
R is P's daughter and V is R's brother, so V is P's son. T is P's brother, which makes T V's uncle. M is T's sister, so M is V's aunt. Option (3), T.
In the following series, which numbers will replace the question marks ? 69, 53, 76, 46, 83, ?, ?, 32, 97.
- 90, 39
- 39, 90
- 37, 93
- 39, 88
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) 39, 90
Two alternating series. Odd positions: 69, 76, 83, 90, 97 (each +7). Even positions: 53, 46, 39, 32 (each -7). The 6th term (an even position) is 39 and the 7th (an odd position) is 90, giving 39, 90. Option (2).
Identify the position that does not belong to the group. Talathi, Circle (Mandal Officer), Naib Tahsildar, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Tahsildar, Deputy Collector.
- Naib Tahsildar
- Deputy Chief Executive Officer
- Tahsildar
- Circle (Mandal Officer)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Deputy Chief Executive Officer
Talathi, Circle (Mandal) Officer, Naib Tahsildar, Tahsildar and Deputy Collector are all posts in the Revenue Department hierarchy. The Deputy Chief Executive Officer is a Zilla Parishad (rural development / local self-government) post, so it is the odd one out. Option (2).
Select the appropriate logical number to replace the question mark. [Figure: three circles, each split into two upper halves and one lower half. Circle 1: 10 | 3, lower 109. Circle 2: 7 | 4, lower 65. Circle 3: 11 | 6, lower ?]
This question has a figure in the official paper; it is described in words above.इस प्रश्न में आधिकारिक पेपर में एक चित्र है; ऊपर उसे शब्दों में बताया गया है। See the official paperआधिकारिक पेपर देखिए
- 150
- 132
- 157
- 142
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) 157
The lower number is the sum of the squares of the two upper numbers: 10^2 + 3^2 = 100 + 9 = 109; 7^2 + 4^2 = 49 + 16 = 65; so 11^2 + 6^2 = 121 + 36 = 157. Option (3).
In a village ratio of men to women is 9 : 8. The number of men is 500 more than the number of women. What is the total number of men and women ?
- 8,500
- 6,300
- 3,600
- 5,800
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) 8,500
Men = 9k and women = 8k. The difference 9k - 8k = k = 500. Total = 17k = 17 x 500 = 8,500. Option (1).
If 'R' denotes 'divided by', 'T' denotes 'added to', 'W' denotes 'Subtracted from' and 'B' denotes 'multiplied by' then 15W12T8R2B6 = ?
- 11/12
- 3 2/3
- 27
- 3
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) 27
Replace the letters: 15 - 12 + 8 / 2 x 6. Apply BODMAS: 8 / 2 = 4, then 4 x 6 = 24, so 15 - 12 + 24 = 27. Option (3).
Present age ratio of a mother and daughter is 7:2, five years ago ratio of their ages was 6:1. What are their present ages ?
- 35, 10
- 70, 20
- 40, 13
- 49, 14
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) 35, 10
Let the ages be 7x and 2x. Five years ago: (7x - 5) = 6(2x - 5), so 7x - 5 = 12x - 30 and x = 5. Present ages are 35 and 10. Check: 30 : 5 = 6 : 1. Option (1).
The average of ten numbers is 7. If each number is multiplied by 15, then the average of the new set of numbers is ______.
- 105
- 150
- 180
- 170
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) 105
Multiplying every number by 15 multiplies the average by 15: 7 x 15 = 105. Option (1).
The LCM of two numbers is 45 times their HCF. If one of the number is 125 and sum of their HCF and LCM is 1150, then the other number is ______.
- 225
- 215
- 220
- 235
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) 225
Let HCF = H, so LCM = 45H. Then H + 45H = 46H = 1150, giving H = 25 and LCM = 1125. Product of the numbers = HCF x LCM, so the other number = 25 x 1125 / 125 = 225. Option (1).
If 2.5 percent of a number is 8, what is that number ?
- 320
- 310
- 230
- 330
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) 320
2.5% of N = 8, so N = 8 x 100 / 2.5 = 800 / 2.5 = 320. Option (1).
A rectangle has width a and length b. If the width is decreased by 20% and the length is increased by 10%, then what is the area of new rectangle in percentage compared to ab ?
- 80%
- 110%
- 88%
- 120%
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) 88%
The new area is 0.8a x 1.1b = 0.88ab, which is 88% of the original area. Option (3).
Choose the word that best fits the meaning. "to make something less severe or intense".
- Intensity
- Mitigate
- Provoke
- Amplify
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Mitigate
'Mitigate' means to make something less severe. Provoke and amplify mean the opposite, and 'intensity' is a noun for the degree of strength. Option (2).
- Smita packed her science project carefully into a large box. She double-checked the checklist her teacher had given, making sure, she had her charts, model and explanation sheet. Her mother waited by the door with an umbrella, glancing nervously at the cloudy sky. The school exhibition was only an hour away and they had to walk through the market to get there.
What might happen next based on the passage ?
- Smita forgets her charts at home
- Her project gets damaged in the rain
- She arrives at school and sets up her exhibit
- Her teacher cancels the exhibition
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Her project gets damaged in the rain
The passage builds up the threat of rain: the sky is cloudy, her mother glances at it nervously with an umbrella ready, and they have to walk through the market carrying a large box. These cues foreshadow rain spoiling the project. (1) is ruled out because she double-checked that she had her charts, and nothing points to (4). The official MPSC key gives option (2).
- Smita packed her science project carefully into a large box. She double-checked the checklist her teacher had given, making sure, she had her charts, model and explanation sheet. Her mother waited by the door with an umbrella, glancing nervously at the cloudy sky. The school exhibition was only an hour away and they had to walk through the market to get there.
Which detail suggest urgency in the situation ?
- Smita's mother had an umbrella
- The exhibition is only an hour away
- The checklist included charts and model
- Smita packed her box carefully
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) The exhibition is only an hour away
Urgency comes from time pressure: the exhibition is only an hour away and they still have to walk through the market. The other details describe preparation, not urgency. Option (2).
- Smita packed her science project carefully into a large box. She double-checked the checklist her teacher had given, making sure, she had her charts, model and explanation sheet. Her mother waited by the door with an umbrella, glancing nervously at the cloudy sky. The school exhibition was only an hour away and they had to walk through the market to get there.
What does the phrase "glancing nervously at the cloudy sky" suggest about Smita's mother ?
- She is worried about getting late
- She doesn't want Smita to go
- She is concerned about the weather
- She forgot her umbrella
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) She is concerned about the weather
She looks nervously at the clouds, so she is worried it may rain, which means she is concerned about the weather. She already has the umbrella, which rules out (4). Option (3).
- Smita packed her science project carefully into a large box. She double-checked the checklist her teacher had given, making sure, she had her charts, model and explanation sheet. Her mother waited by the door with an umbrella, glancing nervously at the cloudy sky. The school exhibition was only an hour away and they had to walk through the market to get there.
Based on the passage, what can be inferred about Smita's attitude towards her project ?
- She is anxious and unprepared
- She is excited but unsure
- She is methodical and committed
- She is uninterested and casual
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) She is methodical and committed
She packs the project carefully and double-checks the teacher's checklist for her charts, model and explanation sheet. That shows a methodical, committed attitude. Option (3).
Based on the Venn diagram choose the correct option. [Figure: three circles in a row; the middle circle overlaps both the left and the right circle, but the left and right circles do not overlap each other.]
This question has a figure in the official paper; it is described in words above.इस प्रश्न में आधिकारिक पेपर में एक चित्र है; ऊपर उसे शब्दों में बताया गया है। See the official paperआधिकारिक पेपर देखिए
- Utensils-steel-brass
- Aquatic animals-fish-sparrow
- Teacher-Human-Graduate
- All options are correct
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Utensils-steel-brass
The figure needs one class that partly overlaps two classes which have nothing in common. Utensils fits the middle circle: some utensils are made of steel and some of brass, steel and brass also have non-utensil uses, and steel and brass are different materials, so they do not overlap. In (2) fish lie wholly inside aquatic animals and a sparrow is not aquatic. In (3) every teacher is a human, and teacher overlaps graduate. Option (1).
Arrange the following number in sequence and replace the question mark. 48 : 513 : : 63 : ?
- 730
- 512
- 729
- 513
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) 730
48 = 7^2 - 1 and 513 = 8^3 + 1. Likewise 63 = 8^2 - 1, so the answer is 9^3 + 1 = 729 + 1 = 730. Option (1).
Arrange the following words according to English dictionary. I. Episode II. Epistle III. Episcope IV. Epigraph
- I, II, III, IV
- IV, II, I, III
- III, II, I, IV
- IV, III, I, II
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) IV, III, I, II
All four words start with 'epi'. Epigraph ('epig') comes first. The rest start 'epis', so compare the fifth letter: Episcope (c), Episode (o), Epistle (t). Order: Epigraph, Episcope, Episode, Epistle = IV, III, I, II. Option (4).
Books on seven subjects Maths, Hindi, Marathi, Science, History, Geography and Sociology are placed one on top of the other on the table. Below the history book is a Geography book which is above a Marathi book. The Sociology book is above the History book and above Sociology book is a Hindi book. The Maths book is below the Science book and the Hindi book is not at the top, then if the places of History and Geography, also Sociology and Hindi books are interchanged, which book will be in the middle ?
- Hindi
- Science
- History
- Sociology
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Hindi
The chain from the top is Hindi, Sociology, History, Geography, Marathi. Hindi is not at the top, so Science and Maths (Maths immediately below Science) sit above it. Top to bottom: Science, Maths, Hindi, Sociology, History, Geography, Marathi. After swapping History with Geography and Sociology with Hindi: Science, Maths, Sociology, Hindi, Geography, History, Marathi. The 4th (middle) book is Hindi, option (1). This reading takes Maths as directly below Science; the official MPSC key gives option (1).
What number will be in the blank space ? 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, 29, ______
- 35
- 37
- 40
- 36
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) 37
The differences are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, so the next difference is 8: 29 + 8 = 37. Option (2).
Select the logical number from the given options for empty box in the following arrangement. Row 1: 2, 4, 8 Row 2: 3, 9, ? Row 3: 4, 16, 32
- 27
- 18
- 40
- 25
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) 18
In each row the second number is the square of the first (2^2 = 4, 4^2 = 16, so 3^2 = 9), and the third is twice the second: 4 x 2 = 8, 16 x 2 = 32, so 9 x 2 = 18. Option (2). (27 would follow a cube pattern, but row 3 gives 32, not 64.)
You are a senior officer in the Municipal Corporation. In the reputed hospital within your jurisdiction, woman who arrived for delivery denied admission due to non payment of the deposit. You got this information through social media. Unfortunately the woman died due to lack of medical treatment. What will you do as an officer ?
- Take action against hospital administration.
- Give order to close the hospital.
- Issue orders to all hospitals that to give immediate medical treatment and no advance deposit should be taken during admission in emergencies to avoid such incidence in future. If disobeyed will take legal action.
- Initiate an inquiry against the concerned doctor and department head of the hospital, based on the findings take appropriate action.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Issue orders to all hospitals that to give immediate medical treatment and no advance deposit should be taken during admission in emergencies to avoid such incidence in future. If disobeyed will take legal action. Graded question, no negative marking. Marks for each option: (1) 1, (2) 0, (3) 2.5, (4) 1.5.श्रेणीबद्ध प्रश्न, कोई नेगेटिव मार्किंग नहीं। हर विकल्प के अंक: (1) 1, (2) 0, (3) 2.5, (4) 1.5।
Marks per option: (1) 1, (2) 0, (3) 2.5, (4) 1.5. Option (3) is best because it fixes the systemic failure: every hospital in the jurisdiction must give emergency treatment without demanding a deposit, backed by legal action, so no one else dies this way. (4) is a fair, due-process response but deals only with this one case. (1) punishes without an inquiry. (2), closing a reputed hospital, would deny care to many patients and is disproportionate.
You want to survey five private residential Ashram Schools for approval. You are going to report on the existence of these Ashram Schools, their buildings, all their facilities, number of students and actual daily attendance, appointment of teachers as per rules, etc. You noticed that the accommodation facilities was very poor in one girl's school. You noticed that all the girls were walking with their shoulders bent. None of the girls could stand upright under the roof. What decision will you take ?
- I will approve the school as per thinking that these poor girls from remote area get education in the residential school this is sufficient for them.
- Know the fact that 'it is difficult to run a school in this area due to sufficient fund' therefore you will recommend the approval of the school but at the same time clarify that further approval will be given only if the building constructed with facilities as soon as possible.
- Cancel the recognition of the school by stating that 'Recognition will be approved only if the building is equipped with all necessary facilities'.
- Cancel the recognition stating that 'Recognition will be granted only if the building is equipped with all necessary facilities'. But at the same time will give all necessary assistance to the director to ensure that the education of the girls concerned is not interrupted.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Cancel the recognition stating that 'Recognition will be granted only if the building is equipped with all necessary facilities'. But at the same time will give all necessary assistance to the director to ensure that the education of the girls concerned is not interrupted. Graded question, no negative marking. Marks for each option: (1) 0, (2) 1, (3) 1.5, (4) 2.5.श्रेणीबद्ध प्रश्न, कोई नेगेटिव मार्किंग नहीं। हर विकल्प के अंक: (1) 0, (2) 1, (3) 1.5, (4) 2.5।
Marks per option: (1) 0, (2) 1, (3) 1.5, (4) 2.5. Option (4) is best: it enforces the standards, since the girls' living conditions are unsafe and unacceptable, while making sure their education does not stop. (3) enforces the rules but ignores what happens to the girls. (2) approves an unfit school and leaves the girls in bad conditions for now. (1) ignores the violation entirely and accepts substandard care for poor girls.
Rani and Ramesh was a married couple. One day they went for a wedding function of Ramesh's friend. Ramesh held a senior executive position in a Multinational Company still he completely involved in the marriage function and enjoyed with old friends. The next day Ritiesh Ramesh's classmate arrived his place and insisted Ramesh that use his power and appoint his brother in his company. Rani insisted Ramesh that take the huge amount and offer a small job. If you are in place of Ramesh what will you do ?
- Ritiesh brother is a needy boy, I have the power, so I will offer him a job.
- I will straight forwardly inform Ritiesh, that I will not do like this for him.
- I will accept the offer of Rani.
- I will ask Ritiesh's brother to apply through a proper channel.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) I will ask Ritiesh's brother to apply through a proper channel. Graded question, no negative marking. Marks for each option: (1) 1, (2) 1.5, (3) 0, (4) 2.5.श्रेणीबद्ध प्रश्न, कोई नेगेटिव मार्किंग नहीं। हर विकल्प के अंक: (1) 1, (2) 1.5, (3) 0, (4) 2.5।
Marks per option: (1) 1, (2) 1.5, (3) 0, (4) 2.5. Option (4) is best: it keeps hiring fair and merit-based without misusing power, and still gives the brother a legitimate chance and keeps the friendship. (2) is honest but simply refuses without pointing to a fair route. (1) is favouritism and misuse of position. (3) means taking a bribe, which is corrupt and unethical.
Pratima and Kavita were good friends. They both studied together. In their IX Std. Science paper some questions were out of syllabus. Therefore all the students demanded to change those questions or postpone the exam. Science teacher did not accepted this. All the students with Kavita left the exam hall. Pratima understood the situation and she wrote the paper. Only Pratima passed the examination. What is your opinion about Pratima ?
- Pratima is a obedient girl.
- Pratima is a selfish girl.
- Pratima understood the importance of examination.
- Pratima will never be a good friend.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Pratima understood the importance of examination. Graded question, no negative marking. Marks for each option: (1) 1.5, (2) 1, (3) 2.5, (4) 0.श्रेणीबद्ध प्रश्न, कोई नेगेटिव मार्किंग नहीं। हर विकल्प के अंक: (1) 1.5, (2) 1, (3) 2.5, (4) 0।
Marks per option: (1) 1.5, (2) 1, (3) 2.5, (4) 0. Option (3) is best: Pratima judged the situation calmly, saw that walking out would cost her the exam, and attempted what she could instead of following the crowd. (1) is partly true, since she complied with the teacher, but misses that she acted on her own judgment. (2) wrongly treats a sensible personal choice as selfishness. (4) is an unfair conclusion, because writing an exam does not make her a bad friend.
The land in one area is fertile but the farmers are suffering due to lack of sufficient rainfall from the last three years. Farmers have taken loans for farming and some farmers have committed suicide due to failure of refund loans. How should government handle such a situation ?
- Farmers should be provided with free water supply for agriculture from nearly river through tankers.
- Farmer should be asked to migrate elsewhere.
- Farmer's loan should be waived to give relief.
- Immediate piping to be done to link the river to that area, subject to the clearance from the State, Central Government and concerned environmental authorities.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Immediate piping to be done to link the river to that area, subject to the clearance from the State, Central Government and concerned environmental authorities. Graded question, no negative marking. Marks for each option: (1) 1, (2) 0, (3) 1.5, (4) 2.5.श्रेणीबद्ध प्रश्न, कोई नेगेटिव मार्किंग नहीं। हर विकल्प के अंक: (1) 1, (2) 0, (3) 1.5, (4) 2.5।
Marks per option: (1) 1, (2) 0, (3) 1.5, (4) 2.5. Option (4) is best: the land is fertile and the real problem is water, so a lasting pipeline from the river (with the required clearances) fixes the root cause and prevents future distress. (3), a loan waiver, gives immediate relief but does not solve the water shortage. (1), tanker supply, is costly and short-term for irrigation. (2), asking farmers to migrate, abandons both them and the fertile land.