Dhammapada · Chapter 17 of 26 · verses 221 to 234

Anger

Checking anger and guarding body, speech and mind.

Kodhavagga

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This chapter in brief

In this chapter the Buddha teaches how to restrain anger, comparing the one who checks rising anger to a skilled charioteer. A well-known verse advises overcoming anger with kindness, meanness with goodness, stinginess with giving and lies with truth. Through the story of Atula, the chapter observes that no one in the world escapes blame, so praise and blame should not shake us. It closes with a threefold call to guard and purify body, speech and mind, which Buddhists see as the basis of ethical life.

AngerSpeechSelf-masteryEthics

The commentary tells of Atula, a lay follower at Savatthi, who led five hundred companions to hear the Dhamma.

Verses 221 to 234

Verse 221Rohinīkhattiyakaññāvatthu

Kodhaṁ jahe vippajaheyya mānaṁ,Saṁyojanaṁ sabbamatikkameyya;Taṁ nāmarūpasmimasajjamānaṁ,Akiñcanaṁ nānupatanti dukkhā.

कोधं जहे विप्पजहेय्य मानं,संयोजनं सब्बमतिक्कमेय्य ।तं नामरूपस्मिमसज्जमानं,अकिञ्चनं नानुपतन्ति दुक्खा ॥

Give up anger, get rid of conceit, and escape every fetter. Sufferings don’t befall one who has nothing, not clinging to name and form.

Verse 222Aññatarabhikkhuvatthu

Yo ve uppatitaṁ kodhaṁ,rathaṁ bhantaṁva vāraye;Tamahaṁ sārathiṁ brūmi,rasmiggāho itaro jano.

यो वे उप्पतितं कोधं,रथं भन्तंव वारये ।तमहं सारथिं ब्रूमि,रस्मिग्गाहो इतरो जनो ॥

When anger surges like a lurching chariot, keep it in check. That’s what I call a charioteer; others just hold the reins.

Verse 223Uttarāupāsikavatthu

Akkodhena jine kodhaṁ,asādhuṁ sādhunā jine;Jine kadariyaṁ dānena,saccenālikavādinaṁ.

अक्कोधेन जिने कोधं,असाधुं साधुना जिने ।जिने कदरियं दानेन,सच्चेनालिकवादिनं ॥

Defeat anger with kindness, villainy with virtue, stinginess with giving, and lies with truth.

Verse 224Mahāmoggallānapañhavatthu

Saccaṁ bhaṇe na kujjheyya,dajjā appampi yācito;Etehi tīhi ṭhānehi,gacche devāna santike.

सच्चं भणे न कुज्झेय्य,दज्जा अप्पम्पि याचितो ।एतेहि तीहि ठानेहि,गच्छे देवान सन्तिके ॥

Speak the truth, do not be angry, and give when asked, if only a little. By these three means, you may enter the presence of the gods.

Verse 225Buddhapitubrāhmaṇavatthu

Ahiṁsakā ye munayo,niccaṁ kāyena saṁvutā;Te yanti accutaṁ ṭhānaṁ,yattha gantvā na socare.

अहिंसका ये मुनयो,निच्चं कायेन संवुता ।ते यन्ति अच्चुतं ठानं,यत्थ गन्त्वा न सोचरे ॥

Those harmless sages, always restrained in body, go to the state that does not pass, where there is no sorrow.

Verse 226Puṇṇadāsīvatthu

Sadā jāgaramānānaṁ,ahorattānusikkhinaṁ;Nibbānaṁ adhimuttānaṁ,atthaṁ gacchanti āsavā.

सदा जागरमानानं,अहोरत्तानुसिक्खिनं ।निब्बानं अधिमुत्तानं,अत्थं गच्छन्ति आसवा ॥

Always wakeful, practicing night and day, focused only on extinguishment, their defilements come to an end.

Verse 227Atulaupāsakavatthu

Porāṇametaṁ atula,netaṁ ajjatanāmiva;Nindanti tuṇhimāsīnaṁ,nindanti bahubhāṇinaṁ;Mitabhāṇimpi nindanti,natthi loke anindito.

पोराणमेतं अतुल,नेतं अज्जतनामिव ।निन्दन्ति तुण्हिमासीनं,निन्दन्ति बहुभाणिनं ।मितभाणिम्पि निन्दन्ति,नत्थि लोके अनिन्दितो ॥

It’s always been this way, Atula, it’s not just today. They blame you when you’re silent, they blame you when you speak a lot, and even when you speak just right: no one in the world escapes blame.

Na cāhu na ca bhavissati,na cetarahi vijjati;Ekantaṁ nindito poso,ekantaṁ vā pasaṁsito.

न चाहु न च भविस्सति,न चेतरहि विज्जति ।एकन्तं निन्दितो पोसो,एकन्तं वा पसंसितो ॥

There never was, nor will be, nor is there today, someone who is wholly praised or wholly blamed.

Yañce viññū pasaṁsanti,anuvicca suve suve;Acchiddavuttiṁ medhāviṁ,paññāsīlasamāhitaṁ.

यञ्चे विञ्ञू पसंसन्ति,अनुविच्च सुवे सुवे ।अच्छिद्दवुत्तिं मेधाविं,पञ्ञासीलसमाहितं ॥

If, after watching them day in day out, discerning people praise that sage of impeccable conduct, endowed with ethics and wisdom;

Nikkhaṁ jambonadasseva,ko taṁ ninditumarahati;Devāpi naṁ pasaṁsanti,brahmunāpi pasaṁsito.

निक्खं जम्बोनदस्सेव,को तं निन्दितुमरहति ।देवापि नं पसंसन्ति,ब्रह्मुनापि पसंसितो ॥

like a pendant of Black Plum River gold, who is worthy to criticize them? Even the gods praise them, and by the Divinity, too, they’re praised.

Verse 231Chabbaggiyavatthu

Kāyappakopaṁ rakkheyya,kāyena saṁvuto siyā;Kāyaduccaritaṁ hitvā,kāyena sucaritaṁ care.

कायप्पकोपं रक्खेय्य,कायेन संवुतो सिया ।कायदुच्चरितं हित्वा,कायेन सुचरितं चरे ॥

Guard against ill-tempered deeds, be restrained in body. Giving up bad bodily conduct, conduct yourself well in body.

Vacīpakopaṁ rakkheyya,vācāya saṁvuto siyā;Vacīduccaritaṁ hitvā,vācāya sucaritaṁ care.

वचीपकोपं रक्खेय्य,वाचाय संवुतो सिया ।वचीदुच्चरितं हित्वा,वाचाय सुचरितं चरे ॥

Guard against ill-tempered words, be restrained in speech. Giving up bad verbal conduct, conduct yourself well in speech.

Manopakopaṁ rakkheyya,manasā saṁvuto siyā;Manoduccaritaṁ hitvā,manasā sucaritaṁ care.

मनोपकोपं रक्खेय्य,मनसा संवुतो सिया ।मनोदुच्चरितं हित्वा,मनसा सुचरितं चरे ॥

Guard against ill-tempered thoughts, be restrained in mind. Giving up bad mental conduct, conduct yourself well in mind.

Kāyena saṁvutā dhīrā,atho vācāya saṁvutā;Manasā saṁvutā dhīrā,te ve suparisaṁvutā.Kodhavaggo sattarasamo.

कायेन संवुता धीरा,अथो वाचाय संवुता ।मनसा संवुता धीरा,ते वे सुपरिसंवुता ॥कोधवग्गो सत्तरसमो ॥

An attentive one is restrained in body restrained also in speech, in thought, too, they are restrained: they are restrained in every way.

Quick quiz

  1. According to verse 223, how should anger be overcome?

  2. Whom does verse 222 call a true charioteer?

  3. Which three practices does verse 224 say can bring one to the presence of the gods?

  4. To whom is verse 227, about blame, addressed by name?

  5. What does verse 228 say has never existed and never will?

  6. Verses 231 to 234 ask for restraint in which three areas?

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Pali (Mahāsaṅgīti edition) and English by Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0) from SuttaCentral. Hindi and Marathi meanings, summaries and stories: IndiaDigital, awaiting review by a Buddhist scholar.

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