MPSC prelims History and culture: previous year questionsMPSC प्रीलिम्स इतिहास और संस्कृति: पिछले वर्षों के प्रश्न

73 questions from the prelims papers of 2022 to 2026, newest first. Read the question, try it, then open the answer: it comes from the official MPSC answer key, with a short explanation.2022 से 2026 तक के प्रीलिम्स पेपरों से 73 प्रश्न, नए पहले। प्रश्न पढ़िए, हल कीजिए, फिर उत्तर खोलिए: वह आधिकारिक MPSC उत्तर-कुंजी से है, साथ में छोटी व्याख्या।

MPSC 2026, question 1प्रश्न 1
What demands did the British Indian Association make to the British Parliament in 1853 AD on the occasion of the renewal of the Charter Act ? (a) The Legislature, Executive and Judiciary should have separate Jurisdictions. (b) The salaries of high-ranking officials should be reduced. (c) A new legislature should be formed and Indian should be represented in it. (d) Salt, excise and stamp duty should be abolished.
1. Only (a) and (d)
2. (a), (b) and (d)
3. (a), (b) and (c)
4. None of the above
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) (a), (b) and (d)
The British Indian Association of Calcutta petitioned Parliament before the Charter Act of 1853 asking for separate legislative, executive and judicial functions, lower salaries for top officials and the abolition of the salt, excise and stamp duties. The official MPSC key gives option (2): (a), (b) and (d).
MPSC 2026, question 2प्रश्न 2
Choose the correct pairs. (a) Harshcharitra : (i) Kalidas (b) Maalati Madhav : (ii) Vishakhadatta (c) Malvikagnimitra : (iii) Banbhatta (d) Mudrarakshas : (iv) Bhavabhuti
1. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
2. (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
3. (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
4. (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
Harshacharita was written by Banabhatta, Malatimadhava by Bhavabhuti, Malavikagnimitra by Kalidasa and Mudrarakshasa by Vishakhadatta. This matches option (1).
MPSC 2026, question 3प्रश्न 3
Which of the following provisions were included in the August resolution of 1940 AD ? (a) After the end of the Second World War, assistance will be provided to establish a fully responsible system of governance in India on the lines of a colonial freedom. (b) Some Indians representative will be included in the board of Governor Generals.
1. Option (a) is correct, option (b) is incorrect.
2. Option (b) is correct, option (a) is incorrect.
3. Both the provisions are correct.
4. Both the provisions are incorrect.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Both the provisions are correct.
The August Offer of 1940 by Viceroy Linlithgow promised dominion status as the goal after the war and the expansion of the Viceroy's Executive Council to include more Indians. So both provisions are correct, option (3).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2026, question 4प्रश्न 4
Which of the following statement applies to Aadilshah's Wajir Hemu ? (a) Adilshah gave Hemu the title of 'Vikramjit'. (b) Hemu started his career as a Market Superintendent. (c) Hemu had not lost a single battle out of 22 battles. (d) Hemu defeated Akbar in the second battle of Panipat.
1. Only (a), (b) and (c)
2. Only (a), (c) and (d)
3. Only (a) and (c)
4. Only (a), (b) and (d)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Only (a), (b) and (c)
Hemu, the minister of Adil Shah Suri, rose from being a market superintendent and is said to have won 22 battles in a row. Statement (d) is wrong because Hemu was defeated by Akbar's forces in the Second Battle of Panipat (1556), so the answer is option (1).
MPSC 2026, question 5प्रश्न 5
Choose the correct pairs for authors. (a) Storia-Do-Mogor : (i) Burnier (b) Travel in Mughal Empire : (ii) Niccolao Manucchi (c) Early Travels in India : (iii) William Foster (d) Historical Fragment : (iv) Robert
1. (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iv)
2. (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
3. (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
4. (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
Storia do Mogor was written by Niccolao Manucci and Travels in the Mogul Empire by Francois Bernier. Early Travels in India was edited by William Foster, and Historical Fragments of the Mogul Empire was written by Robert Orme. This matches option (2).
MPSC 2026, question 6प्रश्न 6
Match the following. (a) Varahamihira : (i) Panchasiddhantika (b) Vagbhat : (ii) Ashtang Samgraha (c) Ishvara Krishna : (iii) Samkhya Karika (d) Prasatapada : (iv) Vaisheshika Sutra
1. (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
2. (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
3. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
4. (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
Varahamihira wrote the Panchasiddhantika, Vagbhata the Ashtanga Sangraha on Ayurveda, and Ishvarakrishna the Samkhya Karika. Prashastapada is known for his commentary on the Vaisheshika Sutra, so option (4) is correct.
MPSC 2026, question 7प्रश्न 7
Match the following Sanskrit authors of the Mughal India and their works. (a) Anantadeva : (i) Chaitanya Charitamritam (b) Gangadhara : (ii) Nirnaya Sindhu (c) Kamlakara Bhatta : (iii) Manorama (d) Krishna Das Kaviraja : (iv) Samskarakaustubha
1. (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
2. (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
3. (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
4. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
Kamalakara Bhatta wrote the legal digest Nirnaya Sindhu, Anantadeva wrote the Samskarakaustubha, and Krishnadasa Kaviraja wrote the Chaitanya Charitamrita. With Gangadhara linked to Manorama, the official MPSC key gives option (2).
MPSC 2026, question 9प्रश्न 9
Who among the following was arrested in the Bhusawal Bomb Case ?
1. Sadashiv Malkapurkar
2. Vishwanath Vaishampayan
3. Bapusaheb Sahastrabuddhe
4. Gajanan Potdar
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Sadashiv Malkapurkar
The official MPSC key gives option (1): Sadashiv Malkapurkar was the person arrested in the Bhusawal Bomb Case among those listed.
MPSC 2026, question 10प्रश्न 10
__________, a Sanskrit Scholar and a Staunch Social reformer, resigned from government service in 1864 to devote himself to the cause of social reforms.
1. M.G. Ranade
2. Vishnushastri Pandit
3. Balshastri Jambhekar
4. K.T. Telang
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Vishnushastri Pandit
Vishnushastri Pandit, a Sanskrit scholar who championed widow remarriage in Maharashtra, left government service in 1864 to work for social reform. So the answer is option (2).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2026, question 11प्रश्न 11
What are the Three Special Practices that are included in the practice of Sufism ?
1. Mujahada, Wasl, Fana
2. Zikr, Murakabah, Tawajjuh
3. Fana, Zikr, Mujahada
4. Mujahada, Zikr, Murakabah
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Mujahada, Zikr, Murakabah
Sufi spiritual discipline centres on mujahada (striving against the self), zikr (constant remembrance of God) and muraqaba (meditation). Fana and wasl are states the seeker hopes to reach, not practices, so the answer is option (4).
MPSC 2026, question 12प्रश्न 12
Name the social reformer described in the following sentences. (a) He showed courage in practising what he preached. (b) He was a staunch supporter of women's education. (c) He was against child marriages, marriages of his sons and daughters were performed when they were old enough to choose their partners. (d) As he advocated widow remarriages, he gave consent to the remarriage of his daughter who was a widow.
1. Justice K.T. Telang
2. R.G. Bhandarkar
3. V.A. Modak
4. Justice M.G. Ranade
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) R.G. Bhandarkar
Sir R.G. Bhandarkar, the Sanskrit scholar and Prarthana Samaj leader, backed women's education, opposed child marriage and arranged the remarriage of his own widowed daughter in 1891. So the answer is option (2).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2026, question 13प्रश्न 13
Match the pairs. (a) Jiyauddin Barni : (i) Fatuh-Us-Salatin (b) Khwaja Abu Malik Isami : (ii) Kitab-Ur-Rahlah (c) Ibn Batuta : (iii) Tariq-e-Salatin Afgana (d) Ahmed Yadgar : (iv) Fatwa-e-Janhadari
1. (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)
2. (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
3. (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
4. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iii)
Ziauddin Barani wrote Fatawa-i-Jahandari, Isami wrote Futuh-us-Salatin, Ibn Battuta's travel account is the Kitab-ul-Rehla, and Ahmad Yadgar wrote Tarikh-i-Salatin-i-Afghana. This is option (1).
MPSC 2026, question 15प्रश्न 15
Match the following dynasties and their kingdoms. (a) Maitrakas : (i) Valabhi (b) Chahumanas : (ii) Sakambhari (c) Gurjaras : (iii) Broach (d) Paramaras : (iv) Dhara
1. (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
2. (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
3. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
4. (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
The Maitrakas ruled from Valabhi, the Chahamanas (Chauhans) from Shakambhari, a Gurjara line ruled from Broach (Bharuch), and the Paramaras from Dhara. This is option (1).
MPSC 2026, question 29प्रश्न 29
The village agricultural lands were jointly held by the village communities and members were responsible for the payment of the land revenue. What was this system ?
1. Zamindari
2. Mahalwari
3. Patwari
4. Rayatwari
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Mahalwari
Under the Mahalwari system, introduced in north-west India, land revenue was settled with the village (mahal) as a whole and its members were jointly responsible for paying it. So the answer is option (2).
MPSC 2025, question 1प्रश्न 1
The book, 'Jatibhed Viveksar' was written by ______.
1. Mahatma Jyotiba Phule
2. Tukaram Tatya Padval
3. Vitthal Ramji Shinde
4. Bhaurao Paigonda Patil
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Tukaram Tatya Padval
'Jatibhed Viveksar' (1861), a critique of the caste system, was written by Tukaram Tatya Padval, an associate of Jyotiba Phule. The official MPSC key gives option (2).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2025, question 2प्रश्न 2
Who were the Prime Ministers of India and China while accepting the Panchashil Principles ? A. Pandit Nehru and Zhou Enlaay B. Pandit Nehru and Dr. San-Yat-Sen C. Indira Gandhi and Mao-Tse-Tung D. Pandit Nehru and Mao-Tse-Tung
1. A and B
2. C and A
3. C and D
4. Only A
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Only A
The Panchsheel principles were adopted in the 1954 India-China agreement, when Jawaharlal Nehru and Zhou Enlai were the Prime Ministers. Mao Zedong was the Chairman, not the Premier, of China, so only A is correct.
MPSC 2025, question 3प्रश्न 3
The book 'Vidhava Vapan Anachar' was written by ______.
1. Vyankatesh Rango Katti
2. Vishnushastri Pandit
3. Balshastri Jambhekar
4. Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Vyankatesh Rango Katti
'Vidhava Vapan Anachar', a work against the custom of tonsuring widows, was written by Vyankatesh Rango Katti. The official MPSC key gives option (1).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2025, question 4प्रश्न 4
On 11th April 1942, a resolution was passed by the Congress Working Committee rejecting ______.
1. Cripps Proposal
2. Aligarh Scheme
3. Curzon Plan
4. Latifs Scheme
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Cripps Proposal
The Cripps Mission of March-April 1942 offered dominion status after the war. The Congress Working Committee rejected the Cripps proposals by its resolution of 11 April 1942.
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2025, question 5प्रश्न 5
In order to appease the moderates and win over the support of the Muslims, the British Government introduced the ______ through the Indian Councils Act, 1909.
1. Morley-Minto Reforms
2. Montague Chelmsford Reforms
3. Indian Educational Reforms
4. Indian Civil Service Reforms
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Morley-Minto Reforms
The Indian Councils Act, 1909 is known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, after Secretary of State John Morley and Viceroy Lord Minto. It enlarged the councils to please the Moderates and gave separate electorates to Muslims.
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2025, question 6प्रश्न 6
"Reformers have to face opposition from our near and dear ones - parents, wives, daughters and countrymen with whom we have to travel through life." This was said by the social reformer Wamanrao Madhavrao Kolhatkar, who hailed from ______.
1. Vidarbha
2. Marathwada
3. Pune
4. Kolhapur
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Vidarbha
Wamanrao Madhavrao Kolhatkar was a social reformer and public worker from Vidarbha (Nagpur region). The official MPSC key gives option (1).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2025, question 7प्रश्न 7
Match the following Kings and their dynasties. A. Aparajita : I. Pallava B. Aditya - I : II. Chola C. Vijayalaya : III. Founder of Chola dynasty D. Bhoja - I : IV. Gurjara
1. A - II, B - III, C - I, D - IV
2. A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV
3. A - IV, B - III, C - II, D - I
4. A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV
Aparajita was the last important Pallava ruler, Aditya I was a Chola king, Vijayalaya founded the imperial Chola line in the 9th century, and Bhoja I (Mihira Bhoja) was a Gurjara-Pratihara king. So A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV.
MPSC 2025, question 8प्रश्न 8
Which of the following statements are correct about Krishnadevaraya ? a. Ruler of Vijayanagar Empire Krishnadevaraya wrote 'Amuktamalyada' epic poem. b. Took title as 'Andhra Bhoja', 'Abhinava Bhoja'. c. Peddana was a prominent Telugu poet in the court of Krishnadevaraya. d. Krishnadevaraya was from Sangama dynasty.
1. Only a and b
2. Only b and c
3. Only a, b and c
4. Only b, c and d
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Only a, b and c
Krishnadevaraya wrote the Telugu poem 'Amuktamalyada', was called 'Andhra Bhoja', and had the poet Allasani Peddana in his court. He belonged to the Tuluva dynasty, not the Sangama dynasty, so d is wrong.
MPSC 2025, question 9प्रश्न 9
To become a member of ______; "Person had to eat bread prepared by Christians and drink water at the hands of Muslims".
1. Brahmo Samaj
2. Arya Samaj
3. Prarthana Samaj
4. Satyashodhak Samaj
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Prarthana Samaj
Breaking caste taboos by eating bread baked by a Christian and drinking water from a Muslim was an initiation test in the Bombay reform circle (the Paramahansa Mandali) out of which the Prarthana Samaj grew. The official MPSC key gives option (3), Prarthana Samaj.
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social and Religious Reform Movements
MPSC 2025, question 10प्रश्न 10
Match the correct pairs of punishment and forms of punishment in the Mughal Judicial System. Column 'A' (Punishment) : Column 'B' (Forms of Punishment) a. Hadd : i. Tit for Tat b. Tazir : ii. Defamation, to expose to disgrace c. Qisas : iii. Warning, admonish or banishment d. Tashir : iv. Death penalty, amputation
1. a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
2. a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv
3. a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii
4. a-iii, b-i, c-ii, d-iv
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii
Hadd were fixed severe punishments such as death or amputation, Tazir were discretionary punishments like warnings or banishment, Qisas was retaliation in kind, and Tashir was public disgrace. So a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii.
MPSC 2025, question 11प्रश्न 11
Which of the following books was published by combining four famous speeches delivered by Barrister Chittaranjan Das in 1917 ?
1. Indians of India
2. India for Indians
3. India and Indians
4. Indians for India
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) India for Indians
Four well-known speeches given by C. R. Das in 1917 were collected and published as the book 'India for Indians'. The official MPSC key gives option (2).
MPSC 2025, question 12प्रश्न 12
Who was the Lieutenant General who played a guiding role in the merger of Hyderabad State ?
1. K. M. Cariappa
2. Rajendra Singh
3. S. M. Srinagesh
4. Sir Robert Lockhart
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Rajendra Singh
Operation Polo (September 1948), which ended the Nizam's resistance, was directed by Lieutenant General Maharaj Rajendrasinhji (Rajendra Singh), head of the Army's Southern Command. The official MPSC key gives option (2).
MPSC 2025, question 13प्रश्न 13
Mughal Emperor Akbar bestowed the title of "Khan-e-Khanan" to whom in A. D. 1584 ?
1. Abul Fazal
2. Miya Tansen
3. Abdul Rahim
4. Hakim Humam
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Abdul Rahim
Abdul Rahim, son of Bairam Khan, received the title Khan-i-Khanan from Akbar in 1584 after his victory in Gujarat. He is also remembered as the poet Rahim.
MPSC 2025, question 14प्रश्न 14
In 1877, 'The Great Delhi Darbar' was held, who described it as, 'An Indian Parliament' ?
1. M. G. Ranade
2. K. T. Telang
3. S. H. Chiplunkar
4. G. V. Joshi
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) G. V. Joshi
Ganesh Vasudev Joshi (Sarvajanik Kaka) of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha attended the 1877 Delhi Darbar and used it to press for Indian representation. The official MPSC key gives option (4), G. V. Joshi.
MPSC 2025, question 15प्रश्न 15
Who set up the separate department called, 'diwan-i-amir-i-kohi' ?
1. Alauddin Khalji
2. Muhammad bin Tughlaq
3. Balban
4. Firoz Shah Tughlaq
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
Muhammad bin Tughlaq created the Diwan-i-Amir-i-Kohi, a separate department of agriculture meant to bring more land under cultivation in the Doab.
MPSC 2024, question 1प्रश्न 1
Who among the following founded the 'Tilak School of Politics' ?
1. Bipinchandra Pal
2. Shripad Amrut Dange
3. Lala Lajpatrai
4. Arvind Ghosh
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Lala Lajpatrai
Lala Lajpat Rai set up the Tilak School of Politics at Lahore in 1921 in memory of Bal Gangadhar Tilak. So option (3) is correct.
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2024, question 2प्रश्न 2
Who among the following gave a personal sum of ₹ 25,000 to the Elphinstone Fund ?
1. Balshastri Jambhekar
2. Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
3. Nana Jagannath Shankarseth
4. Waman Aabaji Modak
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Nana Jagannath Shankarseth
Nana Jagannath Shankarseth, the Bombay philanthropist and educationist, contributed generously to the fund raised in honour of Mountstuart Elphinstone, which led to the Elphinstone institution. The official MPSC key gives option (3).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2024, question 3प्रश्न 3
Who was the prominent participant in the Satyagraha at Dharasana in the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
1. Kamaladevi Chatopadhyaya
2. Ambika Chakrawarti
3. Kasturba Gandhi
4. Sarojini Naidu
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Sarojini Naidu
After Gandhi's arrest in May 1930, Sarojini Naidu led the satyagraha raid on the Dharasana salt works in Gujarat. So option (4) is correct.
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2024, question 4प्रश्न 4
Who was the leader in the uprising of 1857 in Kanpur ?
1. Tatya Tope
2. Azimulla
3. Nanasaheb
4. Maulavi Ahmedulla
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Nanasaheb
At Kanpur the revolt of 1857 was led by Nana Saheb, the adopted son of the last Peshwa Baji Rao II, helped by Tatya Tope and Azimullah Khan. So option (3) is correct.
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MPSC 2024, question 6प्रश्न 6
Simuka was the founder of the __________ dynasty.
1. Satavahana
2. Sunga
3. Kanva
4. Saka
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Satavahana
Simuka is named in the Puranas and in the Naneghat records as the founder of the Satavahana dynasty of the Deccan. So option (1) is correct.
MPSC 2024, question 7प्रश्न 7
Who was the main female collaborator with Mahatma Gandhi in the struggle of mill workers in Ahmedabad ?
1. Sarojini Naidu
2. Anusaya Sarabhai
3. Kasturba Gandhi
4. Aruna Asaf Ali
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Anusaya Sarabhai
In the Ahmedabad mill strike of 1918, Anusuya Sarabhai stood with Gandhi on the side of the workers, even though her brother Ambalal Sarabhai led the mill owners. So option (2) is correct.
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MPSC 2024, question 8प्रश्न 8
Identify the wrong pairs. (a) Abdul Samad - Famous painter (b) Takhte Taus - Peacock throne (c) Prince Azam Shah - Bahamani ruler (d) Bibi ka Makbara - Memorial of Dilras Bano
1. Only (c)
2. (a) and (d)
3. (b) and (d)
4. (c) and (d)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Only (c)
Abdul Samad was a noted Mughal court painter, Takht-e-Taus is Shah Jahan's Peacock Throne, and Bibi ka Makbara at Aurangabad was built by Prince Azam Shah in memory of his mother Dilras Banu Begum. Azam Shah was a Mughal prince, a son of Aurangzeb, not a Bahmani ruler, so only pair (c) is wrong.
MPSC 2024, question 10प्रश्न 10
Which of the following taxes was collected from Hindu and Muslim landlords respectively during the Sultanate rule ?
1. Jizya and Shar
2. Jizya and Khams
3. Khiraj and Zakat
4. Khams and Zakat
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Khiraj and Zakat
Under the Delhi Sultanate, Kharaj (Khiraj) was the land tax levied on non-Muslim landholders, while Zakat was the religious tax paid by Muslims. The official MPSC key gives option (3).
MPSC 2024, question 11प्रश्न 11
After the split in the Indian National Congress in 1907, who made the statement 'National Congress Collapsed at Surat, this is our victory' ?
1. Lord Curzon
2. Lokmanya Tilak
3. Lord Morley
4. Lord Minto
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Lord Minto
Viceroy Lord Minto welcomed the Surat split of 1907 between Moderates and Extremists, remarking that the fall of the Congress at Surat was a great triumph for the British. So option (4) is correct.
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MPSC 2024, question 12प्रश्न 12
Abdul Razzaq, a Persian traveller visited Vijayanagar during the period of which of the following rulers ?
1. Harihar
2. Krishnadevrai
3. Devrai I
4. Devrai II
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Devrai II
Abdur Razzaq, an envoy of the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh, visited Vijayanagara in 1443 during the reign of Deva Raya II. So option (4) is correct.
MPSC 2024, question 13प्रश्न 13
Which of the following literature was written by King Harshavardhana ? (a) Priyadarshika (b) Harshacharita (c) Ratnawali (d) Naganand
1. Only (a), (c) and (d)
2. Only (a), (b) and (c)
3. Only (a), (b) and (d)
4. All of the above
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Only (a), (c) and (d)
Harshavardhana is credited with the three Sanskrit plays Priyadarshika, Ratnavali and Nagananda. Harshacharita is the biography of Harsha written by his court poet Banabhatta, so option (1) is correct.
MPSC 2024, question 14प्रश्न 14
Which of the following objectives was outlined in the Nehru Report ?
1. Achieving Dominion Status
2. Creation of Two Nations
3. Achieving Home Rule
4. To gain complete Independence
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Achieving Dominion Status
The Nehru Report of 1928, drafted by a committee under Motilal Nehru, demanded Dominion Status for India within the British Empire. The demand for complete independence (Purna Swaraj) came later at the Lahore Congress of 1929.
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MPSC 2024, question 15प्रश्न 15
Match the correct pairs of extension centers of Swadeshi Movement and their concerned persons. (a) Mumbai : (i) Chidambaram Pillai (b) Delhi : (ii) Lala Lajpat Rai (c) Punjab : (iii) Lokmanya Tilak (d) Madras : (iv) Syed Raza Haider
1. (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
2. (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
3. (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
4. (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
The Swadeshi movement spread to Bombay under Tilak, to Delhi under Syed Haider Raza, to Punjab under Lala Lajpat Rai and to Madras under V. O. Chidambaram Pillai. This gives (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i), which is option (2).
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MPSC 2023, question 1प्रश्न 1
Pandita Ramabai with the permission of the Ramabai Association, appointed an advisory board to advise her, who among the following was included in this advisory board ? i. Justice M. G. Ranade ii. Dr. R. G. Bhandarkar iii. Justice K. T. Telang iv. Bapu Hari Shinde
1. i and ii only
2. ii and iii only
3. i and iv only
4. i, ii and iii only
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) i, ii and iii only
The advisory board set up for Pandita Ramabai's Sharada Sadan with the Ramabai Association's approval included Pune and Bombay reformers such as Justice M. G. Ranade, Dr. R. G. Bhandarkar and Justice K. T. Telang. The official MPSC key gives option (4).
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MPSC 2023, question 2प्रश्न 2
In 1918 A. D., who advised to the Mumbai workers to establish the organization 'People's Union' ?
1. Rajashree Shahu Maharaj
2. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
3. Narayan Meghaji Lokhande
4. Bhai Madhavrao Bagal
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Rajashree Shahu Maharaj
The official MPSC key credits Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj of Kolhapur, who supported the cause of workers and backward classes, with advising Mumbai workers in 1918 to form the 'People's Union'. So option (1).
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MPSC 2023, question 3प्रश्न 3
Who defended Chiplunkar's attack on Mahatma Jyotirao Phule through his newspaper, considered as the beginning of non Brahmin journalism ?
1. Narayan Meghaji Lokhande
2. Bhau Daji Lad
3. Tukaram Tatya Padval
4. Krushnaji Bhalekar
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Krushnaji Bhalekar
Krishnarao (Krushnaji) Bhalekar started the newspaper 'Deenbandhu' in 1877, regarded as the beginning of non-Brahmin journalism, and used it to defend Phule against Vishnushastri Chiplunkar's criticism. So option (4).
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MPSC 2023, question 4प्रश्न 4
On which of the following matrimonial relationship between two Royal families, the ancient drama 'Malavikagnimitra' throws light ?
1. Shunga and Vidarbha (Yadnyasen) family
2. Gupta and Vakataka family
3. Shakas and Satavahana family
4. Chalukya and Vardhana family
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Shunga and Vidarbha (Yadnyasen) family
Kalidasa's play 'Malavikagnimitra' tells of the Shunga prince Agnimitra and Malavika, a princess connected with the Vidarbha royal house of Yajnasena. So option (1).
MPSC 2023, question 5प्रश्न 5
What was the medium of trade exchange during vedic period ? i. Nishka ii. Krusnal iii. Shatman iv. Gan v. Shreni
1. i, ii and iii
2. ii, iii and iv
3. i, ii, iv and v
4. i, iii and v
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) i, ii and iii
Vedic texts mention Nishka, Krishnala and Shatamana as units of value used in exchange, while Gana and Shreni were assemblies and guilds, not money. So option (1).
MPSC 2023, question 6प्रश्न 6
According to Setu Madhavrao Pagadi, who of the following saint renamed himself as 'Shaha Ramjan' and got converted to Islam by a Sufi Saint Nizamuddin. It is a mystery of cultural history of Maharashtra.
1. Gorakhnath
2. Gahininath
3. Jalandharnath
4. Kanifnath
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Kanifnath
Setu Madhavrao Pagadi, a historian of Maharashtra's Sufi links, wrote that the Nath saint Kanifnath took the name 'Shah Ramzan' after initiation by a Sufi. The official MPSC key gives option (4).
MPSC 2023, question 7प्रश्न 7
Arrange the following events in the correct order. i. White paper ii. Poona pact iii. Nehru report iv. Dharasna Satyagraha
1. iv, ii, iii, i
2. iv, i, ii, iii
3. iii, iv, ii, i
4. ii, iii, iv, i
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) iii, iv, ii, i
The Nehru Report came in 1928, the Dharasana Satyagraha in May 1930, the Poona Pact in September 1932 and the British White Paper on reforms in 1933. So the order is iii, iv, ii, i, option (3).
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MPSC 2023, question 8प्रश्न 8
The following statements are written about a. He played an important role in the field of education in Maharashtra. b. He prepared textbooks on various subjects. c. He wrote a book 'Shunyalabdhi' on Mathematics and Science in Marathi. d. Keshavrao Bhavalkar has written his biography.
1. Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar
2. Atmaram Pandurang Tarkhadkar
3. Balshastri Jambhekar
4. Gopal Hari Deshmukh
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Balshastri Jambhekar
Balshastri Jambhekar, often called the father of Marathi journalism, was a pioneer educationist who wrote textbooks, including 'Shunyalabdhi' on mathematics in Marathi. The official MPSC key gives option (3).
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MPSC 2023, question 9प्रश्न 9
Arrange the following political organizations chronologically. a. Pune Sarvajanik Sabha b. Bombay Presidency Association c. Madras Mahajan Sabha d. Indian Association
1. b a d c
2. a d c b
3. c d b a
4. d b a c
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) a d c b
Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded in 1870, the Indian Association in 1876, the Madras Mahajana Sabha in 1884 and the Bombay Presidency Association in January 1885. So the order is a, d, c, b, option (2).
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MPSC 2023, question 10प्रश्न 10
Which of the following decision was taken by Sabarmati treaty ?
1. A competitive co-operative party should be established.
2. Students should not be involved in politics.
3. There should be no discrimination among lower caste workers and a team of 50 volunteers should be formed and Hindu Muslim unity should be maintained.
4. A committee of Motilal Nehru and Jayakar to determine the members of the Central Legislature.
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) A committee of Motilal Nehru and Jayakar to determine the members of the Central Legislature.
The Sabarmati Pact of 1926 was a compromise between the Swarajists led by Motilal Nehru and the Responsive Co-operators led by M. R. Jayakar on how to work in the legislatures. The official MPSC key gives option (4).
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MPSC 2023, question 11प्रश्न 11
In 1934 A. D., which of the following region, witnessed the establishment of 'Karshak Sangham' as a peasant organisation ?
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Tamil Nadu
3. Kerala
4. Bengal
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Kerala
The Karshaka Sangham peasant organisation was formed in Malabar, in present-day Kerala, in the mid-1930s by Congress Socialist leaders. So option (3).
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MPSC 2023, question 12प्रश्न 12
Who remarked about the 'Dandi Yatra' as, Rama's Historical March to Lanka ?
1. Pandit Motilal Nehru and D. J. Tendulkar
2. P. C. Ray and D. P. Mishra
3. Shankarrao Dev and G. V. Ketkar
4. Appasaheb Patwardhan and Suhasini Nambiyar
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Pandit Motilal Nehru and D. J. Tendulkar
Motilal Nehru likened Gandhi's 1930 Dandi March to Rama's historic march to Lanka, and Gandhi's biographer D. G. Tendulkar recorded the same comparison. The official MPSC key gives option (1).
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MPSC 2023, question 13प्रश्न 13
About whom the following statements are related ? i. Religion was separated from politics. ii. Adopted a policy of seclusion towards brave women who followed Sati. iii. To stop child marriage and widow marriage was encouraged. iv. Claimed that the final decision regarding the social law will be his.
1. Babur
2. Humayun
3. Akbar
4. Aurangzeb
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Akbar
Akbar kept the state above religious orthodoxy, discouraged sati, set a minimum age for marriage, allowed widow remarriage and through the Mahzar of 1579 claimed final authority in disputed matters. So option (3).
MPSC 2023, question 14प्रश्न 14
Bhills in Khandesh protested against British rule because i. The Bhills of the Satpura division got inspiration from the event of the uprising in North India. ii. Taking advantage of the revolt of 1857 Bhagoji Naik and Kazising Naik joined the revolt. iii. Kazising and his associates burnt government treasuries and post offices.
1. i and ii
2. ii and iii
3. i and iii
4. All of the above
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) All of the above
In 1857 the Bhils of the Satpura region in Khandesh, inspired by the north Indian revolt, rose under leaders such as Bhagoji Naik and Kajising Naik and attacked government treasuries and posts. All three statements are correct, option (4).
MPSC 2023, question 15प्रश्न 15
In which of the following newspapers did Annie-Besant present her thoughts about Home Rule Movement ? a. New India b. Common Weal c. Bombay Gazette d. Telegraph
1. a and b only
2. b and c only
3. a and d only
4. a, b and c only
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) a and b only
Annie Besant ran the weekly 'Commonweal' and the daily 'New India' and used both to campaign for Home Rule from 1914 onwards. So option (1).
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MPSC 2022, question 2प्रश्न 2
Research was done at __________ with reference to the Middle Age and Copper Age in terms of human settlement in Maharashtra.
1. Patne (Jalgaon)
2. Hatkhamba (Ratnagiri)
3. Inamgaon (Pune)
4. All of the above
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) All of the above
Patne in Jalgaon, Hatkhamba in Ratnagiri and Inamgaon in Pune have all been excavated or studied for early human settlement in Maharashtra, Inamgaon being a well known Chalcolithic (Copper Age) site. The official MPSC key gives option (4), all of the above.
MPSC 2022, question 86प्रश्न 86
Before the formation of 'All India States Peoples' Congress' at the national level, which of the following organizations was active in Kolhapur to raise the concerns of the people ?
1. Lok Sabha
2. Rajya Sabha
3. Vidhan Sabha
4. Paropakarini Sabha
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Lok Sabha
The official MPSC key gives option (1), the Lok Sabha, as the people's organisation active in Kolhapur state before the All India States Peoples' Conference was formed in 1927.
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MPSC 2022, question 87प्रश्न 87
Pick out the odd person from the following :
1. Dr. (Mrs.) Laura D'Souza
2. Sudhatai Joshi
3. Sane Guruji
4. Hirve Guruji
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Sane Guruji
Laura D'Souza, Sudhatai Joshi and Hirve Guruji are remembered for the Goa liberation satyagraha of the 1950s, while Sane Guruji (who died in 1950) was not part of it. The official MPSC key marks Sane Guruji, option (3), as the odd one out.
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MPSC 2022, question 88प्रश्न 88
Who was the president of the 1957 National Commission for Female Education ?
1. Anutai Wagh
2. Shantabai Dani
3. Durgabai Deshmukh
4. Durgabai Bhagwat
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (3) Durgabai Deshmukh
The national committee on women's education set up by the Government of India in the late 1950s was headed by Durgabai Deshmukh, and it recommended special measures to close the gap between boys' and girls' education. Option (3).
MPSC 2022, question 89प्रश्न 89
After passing away of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, who from the followers of Dr. Ambedkar, became members of the Congress ? (a) R.D. Bhandare (b) Rajabhau Bhole (c) Dadasaheb Rupwate (d) Bapusaheb Rajbhoj
1. Only (a), (c), (d)
2. Only (a), (b), (c)
3. Only (a), (b), (d)
4. (a), (b), (c), (d)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Only (a), (b), (c)
The official MPSC key names R. D. Bhandare, Rajabhau Bhole and Dadasaheb Rupwate as Ambedkar's followers who later joined the Congress, option (2).
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MPSC 2022, question 90प्रश्न 90
Which of the following two places in Mumbai had Salt Markets during the British time ?
1. C.S.M.T. and Wadala
2. Bhendi Bazar and Wadala
3. Charni Road and Wadala
4. Panvel and Wadala
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Bhendi Bazar and Wadala
The official MPSC key gives Bhendi Bazar and Wadala, option (2), as the two places in Mumbai that had salt markets in British times; Wadala had extensive salt pans.
MPSC 2022, question 91प्रश्न 91
Who had established the Manav Dharma Sabha at Surat and Paramahansa Mandali at Bombay ?
1. Atmaram Pandurang Tarkhadkar
2. Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar
3. R.G. Bhandarkar
4. K.T. Telang
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar
Dadoba Pandurang Tarkhadkar founded the Manav Dharma Sabha at Surat in 1844 and the secret Paramahansa Mandali in Bombay in 1849, both opposing caste and idol worship. His brother Atmaram Pandurang later founded the Prarthana Samaj. Option (2).
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MPSC 2022, question 92प्रश्न 92
Who wrote the book called Tahqiq-i-Hind, which gives a detailed description of North India ?
1. Mahmud Ghazni
2. Al-Biruni
3. Ibn Battuta
4. Abdul Razzak
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Al-Biruni
Al-Biruni, the scholar who came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni, wrote Tahqiq-i-Hind (Kitab-ul-Hind), a detailed account of Indian society, religion and science. Ibn Battuta wrote the Rihla. Option (2).
MPSC 2022, question 93प्रश्न 93
Which of the following is a large Mesolithic site in Rajasthan ?
1. Bagor
2. Adamgarh
3. Pratapgarh
4. Chopni-Mando
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (1) Bagor
Bagor in Bhilwara district on the Kothari river is one of the largest Mesolithic sites in India and lies in Rajasthan. Adamgarh is in Madhya Pradesh and Chopani-Mando in Uttar Pradesh. Option (1).
MPSC 2022, question 94प्रश्न 94
Match the following : Mahajanapada : King (a) Kashi : (i) Bimbisara (b) Kosal : (ii) Ashwasena (c) Magadha : (iii) Udayan (d) Vatsa : (iv) Prasenjit
1. (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
2. (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
3. (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
4. (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
Ashwasena (father of the Jain Tirthankara Parshvanatha) is linked with Kashi, Prasenjit ruled Kosala, Bimbisara ruled Magadha and Udayana ruled Vatsa from Kaushambi. That is option (2).
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MPSC 2022, question 95प्रश्न 95
By which reward was V.R. Shinde felicitated in 1932-33 by the State of Baroda ?
1. Samajik Puraskar
2. Dalit Mitra
3. Dalit Sathi
4. Rao Saheb
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
MPSC dropped this question from evaluation.MPSC ने इस प्रश्न को मूल्यांकन से हटा दिया।
MPSC cancelled this question. Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde founded the Depressed Classes Mission (1906) and worked for the uplift of untouchables, and the Baroda state honoured his work in the early 1930s.
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MPSC 2022, question 96प्रश्न 96
How much fine was charged each month by Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj from the parents who did not send their children to school ?
1. Two paise
2. Three paise
3. Five paise
4. Ten paise
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
MPSC dropped this question from evaluation.MPSC ने इस प्रश्न को मूल्यांकन से हटा दिया।
MPSC cancelled this question. Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj made primary education free and compulsory in Kolhapur state in 1917 and imposed a monthly fine on parents who did not send their children to school.
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Social Reformers of Maharashtra
MPSC 2022, question 97प्रश्न 97
Which Act was sanctioned by British Parliament on 18th July, 1947 ? (a) Indian Partition Act (b) Indian Independence Act (c) Draft Constitution Act (d) Constitutional Amendment Act Which of the statement/s given above is/are correct ?
1. Only (a) and (c)
2. Only (a) and (d)
3. Only (a)
4. Only (b)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Only (b)
The Indian Independence Act, 1947, based on the Mountbatten Plan, received royal assent on 18 July 1947 and created the dominions of India and Pakistan from 15 August 1947. Option (4).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2022, question 98प्रश्न 98
Where was the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association established by revolutionaries like Chandrashekher Azad and Sardar Bhagat Singh ? (a) Mumbai (b) Nagpur (c) Kolkata (d) Delhi
1. Only (a) and (b)
2. Only (c) and (d)
3. Only (a)
4. Only (d)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Only (d)
The Hindustan Republican Association was renamed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association at a meeting at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi in September 1928, led by Bhagat Singh and Chandrashekhar Azad. Option (4).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: The Freedom Struggle: Year by Year
MPSC 2022, question 99प्रश्न 99
The British appointed Mir Jafar as the Nawab of _________ after the Battle of Plassey in 1757.
1. Madras
2. Bengal
3. Bihar
4. Orissa
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (2) Bengal
After Robert Clive defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey in 1757, the East India Company installed Mir Jafar as Nawab of Bengal. Option (2).
Practise this topic:इस टॉपिक का अभ्यास: Governors-General and Viceroys of British India
MPSC 2022, question 100प्रश्न 100
Who founded the Slave Dynasty which ruled from 1206 to 1290 ? (a) Mahmud Ghazni (b) Muhammad Ghori (c) Qutb-ud-Din Aibak (d) Iltutmish Which of the statement/s given above is/are correct ?
1. Only (a) and (c)
2. Only (b) and (d)
3. Only (a)
4. Only (c)
Answer and explanationउत्तर और व्याख्या
Answer:उत्तर: (4) Only (c)
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, a slave general of Muhammad Ghori, founded the Slave (Mamluk) dynasty of Delhi in 1206 after Ghori's death; Iltutmish was his successor. Option (4).

Questions and answer keys are published by the Maharashtra Public Service Commission (mpsc.gov.in). Explanations are written by IndiaDigital; if one looks wrong, use the report link under it.प्रश्न और उत्तर-कुंजियाँ महाराष्ट्र लोक सेवा आयोग (mpsc.gov.in) द्वारा प्रकाशित हैं। व्याख्याएँ IndiaDigital ने लिखी हैं; कोई गलत लगे तो उसके नीचे दिए लिंक से बताइए।

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